Application processing at lightning performance – The hourglass view of access times

HourglassEven in these modern times, when lots of things are changing in the ICT world, some lessons from the past still hold true.

Previously, I discussed the I/O stack in a typical database environment. As virtualization has complicated things a bit, the fundamental principles of performance tuning stay the same.

Recently I was browsing through old presentations of colleagues and found another interesting view on response times in an application stack. Again, I polished it up a bit and modified it to reflect a few innovations and personal insights.

The idea is as follows. We as humans have problems getting a feel of how fast modern microprocessors work. We talk in milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds. So – in the comparison we assume a 1 Gigahertz processor and then scale up one nanosecond to match one second – because this fits better in human’s view of the world. Then we compare various sorts of storage on the “indexed” timescale and see how they relate to each other.

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Save money by virtualizing Oracle

Approved

I wrote an internal EMC memo on licensing issues with Oracle on VMware as I get a lot of questions on this topic. But I’d like to expand the question a bit. After all, my blog is named “Dirty Cache” which could also be substituted with “Dirty Cash” – and as said, my mission is to lower cost and drive up service levels for my customers…

Here my internal memo (slightly edited for the blog and updated with a few corrections). Again, I want to make it clear that these are my own opinions based on (limited) customer experiences, I might be completely wrong and that’s why my blog has a disclaimer 😉

Use this information at your own risk – don’t shoot the messenger.

Original question:

How should we license Oracle database on VMware?

Beefed up question:

How can we save money on licensing and other expenses by virtualizing Oracle?

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Performance – The I/O stack

Concorde Mach Indicator

In my last post, I gave a highly simplified representation of “The I/O stack” of a database. In reality, it’s much more complex.

I found an old picture where the whole I/O stack of a database was described and I decided to brush it off and include some additional layers (application and middleware) and show how the I/O flows if you run on a virtual server with a hypervisor.

Also, the storage network can provide virtualization which in turn adds a layer of complexity.

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The missing link in application performance tuning

When dealing with application performance problems, the quick and easy solution is often to throw hardware at the problem. Typically this is one out of processing power (CPU), memory, or more I/O resources. With a bit of luck, the bottleneck is removed and shifts somewhere else (but now the total stack is – hopefully – capable of handling more workload).

Missing Link

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